How electric water heater thermostats work.
Electric hot water heater thermostat.
An electric hot water heater has two thermostats controlling two separate heating elements one in the upper half of the tank one in the lower half.
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Electric water heater thermostats are a fairly simple devices that can fail from time to time.
Most electric hot water tanks have two elements and two thermostats.
You can test them with the power off using an ohmmeter to measure resistance or with the power on using a voltmeter to measure voltage.
Usually when the upper thermostat goes bad you will have no hot water at all while a bad lower thermostat makes itself known when there is only a small amount of hot water before the tap water goes cold.
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Testing is the only option if you want to determine whether or not one or both of them has failed.
The elements do not heat up at the same time.
Gas water heater thermostat replacement.
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On most gas water heaters the gas control valve which includes both a thermostat and a heat limiting device are located on the outside of the unit near the bottom.
If the hot water heater is not working one of the thermostats may be bad.
Gas water heaters use a different type of thermostat system.
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Electric water heaters have one or two elements and each is controlled by a thermostat.
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An electric water heater thermostat tells the heating elements when to heat up.
If the thermostats are okay you need to test the water heater elements.